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Access here key indicators of skills and employment trends for all and particular countries.

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Access here key indicators of skills and employment trends for all and particular countries

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Skills Demand

Change in numbers employed, 2000-2008, by education level (%)

Change in numbers employed 2000-2008, all education levels (%)

Change in numbers employed 2000-2008, education levels 0-2 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Education levels are ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Change in numbers employed 2000-2008, education levels 3-4 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Education levels are ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change in numbers employed 2000-2008, education levels 5-6 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change in employment rate by gender, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate 2000-2008, both females and males (p.p.)

Change in male employment rate, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in female employment rate, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate by age group, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, age group 20-24, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, age group 25-54, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, age group 55-64, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate by education level, 2000-2008 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, education levels 0-2, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Change between 2000 and 2008 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Change in employment rate, education levels 3-4, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change between 2000 and 2008 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change in employment rate, education levels 5-6, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change between 2000 and 2008 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change in country's contribution to EU-27 employment, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the proportion of numbers employed in the country in the overall EU-27 employment (EU-27 equals 100%)

Change between 2000 and 2008 in the proportion of numbers employed in the country in the overall EU-27 employment (EU-27 equals 100%)

Change in the enterpreneurs, by gender, 2000-2011 (%)

Change in the entrepreneurs, both females and males, 2000-2011 (%) Change between 2000 and 2011 in the proportion of self-employed persons with employees (employers) as a proportion of employed population (all)

Change between 2000 and 2011 in the proportion of self-employed persons with employees (employers) as a proportion of employed population (all)

Change in male entrepreneurs, 2000-2011 (%) Change between male self-employed persons with employees (employers) as a proportion of male employed population

Change between male self-employed persons with employees (employers) as a proportion of male employed population

Change in female entrepreneurs, 2000-2011 (%) Change between 2000 and 2011 in female self-employed persons with employees (employers) as a proportion of female employed population

Change between 2000 and 2011 in female self-employed persons with employees (employers) as a proportion of female employed population

Change in numbers employed, 2009-2011, by education level (%)

Change in numbers employed 2009-2011, all education levels (%)

Change in numbers employed 2009-2011, education levels 0-2 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Change in numbers employed 2009-2011, education levels 3-4 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change in numbers employed 2009-2011, education levels 5-6 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change in employment rate by gender, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate 2009-2011, both females and males (p.p.)

Change in male employment rate, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in female employment rate, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate by age group, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, age group 20-24, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, age group 25-54, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, age group 55-64, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate by education level, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in employment rate, education levels 0-2, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Change in employment rate, education levels 3-4, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change in employment rate, education levels 5-6, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the employment rate of people with ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change in country's contribution to EU-27 employment, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of numbers employed in the country in the overall EU-27 employment (EU-27 equals 100%)

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of numbers employed in the country in the overall EU-27 employment (EU-27 equals 100%)

Change in numbers employed in key sectors, 2008-2010 (%)

Change in numbers employed in knowledge intensive industries, 2008-2010, (%) Change between 2008 and 2010 in the employment level in Knowledge Intensive industries. These are based on the share of tertiary educated people in each sectors of industries and services according to NACE at 2-digit level and for all EU 27 Member States. A threshold is then applied to rank sectors as knowledge intensive.

Change between 2008 and 2010 in the employment level in Knowledge Intensive industries. These are based on the share of tertiary educated people in each sectors of industries and services according to NACE at 2-digit level and for all EU 27 Member States. A threshold is then applied to rank sectors as knowledge intensive.

Change in numbers employed in health and social care, 2008-2010, (%)

Change in numbers employed in science and technology, 2008-2010, (%) Employment levels in the manufacturing industries ranked according to technological intensity (R&D expenditure/value added)

Employment levels in the manufacturing industries ranked according to technological intensity (R&D expenditure/value added)

Change in the stock of job vacancies, 2010Q1-2011Q3 (%) Change in the quarterly stock of job vacancies in industry, construction and services (except activities of households as employers and extra-territorial organisations and bodies), as reported by national statistical institutions to Eurostat. Data is available for 22 countries; EU average refers to 22 country data

Change in the quarterly stock of job vacancies in industry, construction and services (except activities of households as employers and extra-territorial organisations and bodies), as reported by national statistical institutions to Eurostat. Data is available for 22 countries; EU average refers to 22 country data

Change in the PES job vacancies, 2010Q1-2011Q1 (%) Inflow of vacancies registered by the Public Employment Services by country, 2010Q1 - 2011Q4. EU average refers to 16 Member States for which data is available. Change is calculated between 2010Q1 and 2011Q1 for comparability purposes.

Inflow of vacancies registered by the Public Employment Services by country, 2010Q1 - 2011Q4. EU average refers to 16 Member States for which data is available. Change is calculated between 2010Q1 and 2011Q1 for comparability purposes.

Change in the number of recent job finders, 2010Q1-2011Q1 (%) Numbers between 2010 Q1 and 2011 Q3 in the number of recent job finders - people who found a job within last 3 months as self-reported in the EU Labour Force Survey. Change is calculated between 2010 Q1 and 2011 Q1 for comparability purposes

Numbers between 2010 Q1 and 2011 Q3 in the number of recent job finders - people who found a job within last 3 months as self-reported in the EU Labour Force Survey. Change is calculated between 2010 Q1 and 2011 Q1 for comparability purposes

Employment rate, by gender, age group 20-64, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, both females and males, age group 20-64, 2011 (%)

Female employment rate, age group 20-64, 2011 (%)

Male employment rate, age group 20-64, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, by age group, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, age group 20-24, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, age group 25-54, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, age group 55-64, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, by education level, age group 20-64, 2011 (%)

Employment rate, education levels 0-2, 2011 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 0 - Pre-primary education, Level 1 - Primary education or first stage of basic education, Level 2 - Lower secondary or second stage of basic education

Employment rate, education levels 3-4, 2011 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Employment rate, education levels 5-6, 2011 (%) Education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Employment in key sectors, 2010

Employment in knowledge intensive industries (2010)

Knowledge Intensive industries are based on the share of tertiary educated people in each sectors of industries and services according to NACE at 2-digit level and for all EU 27 Member States. A threshold is then applied to rank sectors as knowledge intensive. Data is in 000s.

Employment in health and social care (2010)

Employment in health and social care sector (000s)

Employment in science and technology (2010) Employment levels in the manufacturing industries ranked according to technological intensity (R&D expenditure/value added), data in 000s

Employment levels in the manufacturing industries ranked according to technological intensity (R&D expenditure/value added), data in 000s

Top 10 occupations (by highest numbers of vacancies registered in the PES), 2011Q1-2011Q3 Top 10 occupations determined by the highest number of vacancies registered in the Public Employment Service in 2011 Quarter 3. Occupations are defined using ISCO-08 classification at 3 digit level. The number in brackets refers to the number of vacancies advertised in 2011 Quarter 3.

Top 10 occupations determined by the highest number of vacancies registered in the Public Employment Service in 2011 Quarter 3. Occupations are defined using ISCO-08 classification at 3 digit level. The number in brackets refers to the number of vacancies advertised in 2011 Quarter 3.

Top 5 EURES jobs, April 2012 Top 5 occupations with highest number of vacancies published on EURES, European Job Mobility Portal, in April 2012. Occupations are defined at ISCO 3 digit level. EU average refers to the average of 21 countries with available data.

Top 5 occupations with highest number of vacancies published on EURES, European Job Mobility Portal, in April 2012. Occupations are defined at ISCO 3 digit level. EU average refers to the average of 21 countries with available data.

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, by occupation (%) Available national forecasts on future employment trends by occupation

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, by sector (%) Available national forecasts on future employment trends by sector

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, by education level (%)

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, all education levels (%)

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, low education level (%)

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, medium education level (%)

Anticipated change in numbers employed, 2010-2020, high education level (%)

Skills Supply

Change in active workforce, by education level, 2000-2008 (%)

Change in active workforce, education levels 0-2, 2000-2008 (%) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels 0-2 (primary and first stage of secondary education)

Change between 2000 and 2008 in the size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels 0-2 (primary and first stage of secondary education)

Change in active workforce, education levels 3-4, 2000-2008 (%) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change in active workforce, education levels 5-6, 2000-2008 (%) Change betweeen 2000 and 2008 in the size of the economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change betweeen 2000 and 2008 in the size of the economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change in the proportion of 30-34 year olds with tertiary education achievement, 2000-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2000 and 2011 in the proportion of 30-34 year olds who had achieved ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education. EU2020 strategy target is that 40% of this age group should have tertiary education attainment

Change between 2000 and 2011 in the proportion of 30-34 year olds who had achieved ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education. EU2020 strategy target is that 40% of this age group should have tertiary education attainment

Change in tertiary education graduates, 2000-2009 (%) Change between 2000 and 2009 in the number of graduates from ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education as reported by national statistical institutions

Change between 2000 and 2009 in the number of graduates from ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education as reported by national statistical institutions

Change in tertiary education graduates, by study area, 2006-2010 (p.p.)

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Education and training' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Humanities and arts' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Social science, business and law' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in study area 'Science, mathematics and computing' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Engineering, manufacturing and construction' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Agriculture and veterinary' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Health and welfare' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in tertiary education graduates in 'Service' (2006-2010) (p.p.) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Change in ISCED level 3 participation in vocational education and training, 2000-2010 Change between 2000 and 2010 in the proportion of students at in vocation education at ISCED level 3 in all students at ISCED level 3 (upper secondary education)

Change between 2000 and 2010 in the proportion of students at in vocation education at ISCED level 3 in all students at ISCED level 3 (upper secondary education)

Change in young adults who have completed upper secondary education, 15-24 age group, 2000-2010 (%) Proportion of young adults (age group 15-24) who have completed upper secondary education in the overall 15-24 age group (ISCED Level 3)

Proportion of young adults (age group 15-24) who have completed upper secondary education in the overall 15-24 age group (ISCED Level 3)

Change in employees participating in continuing vocational training courses (1999-2005) (p.p.)

Change in employees participating in continuing vocational training courses (2005-2011) (p.p.)

Change in adult participation in education and training, by gender, 25-64 age group (2005-2010) (p.p.)

Change in female adult participation in education and training, 25-64 age group, 2005-2010 (p.p.) Change in female adults participating in education and training (in four weeks preceding the survey) as a proportion of all adults

Change in female adults participating in education and training (in four weeks preceding the survey) as a proportion of all adults

Change in male adult participation in education and training, 25-64 age group, 2005-2010 (p.p.) Change in male adults participating in education and training (in four weeks preceding the survey) as a proportion of all adults

Change in male adults participating in education and training (in four weeks preceding the survey) as a proportion of all adults

Change in adult participation in education and training, by age group (2005-2011) (p.p.)

Change in young people 18-24 participating in education and training, 2005-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2005 and 2010 in the proportion of young people aged 18-24 who self-reported participating in education and training in four weeks preceeding the survey

Change between 2005 and 2010 in the proportion of young people aged 18-24 who self-reported participating in education and training in four weeks preceeding the survey

Change in adults aged 25-54 participating in education and training, 2005-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2005 and 2010 in the proportion of adults aged 25-54 who self-reported participating in education and training in four weeks preceeding the survey

Change between 2005 and 2010 in the proportion of adults aged 25-54 who self-reported participating in education and training in four weeks preceeding the survey

Change in adults aged 55-64 participating in education and training, 2005-2010 (p.p.)

Change in active labour force aged over 50, 2000-2008 (%) Change between 2000 and 2008 in the number of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons aged over 50

Change between 2000 and 2008 in the number of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons aged over 50

Change in old age dependency ratio, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Ratio of the persons aged 65 and more (or 60+) over the number of persons of working age (15-64 or 20-59)

Change in early leavers from education and training, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change in population aged 18-24 having attained at most lower secondary education and not being involved in further education or training in four weeks prior to the survey

Change in population aged 18-24 having attained at most lower secondary education and not being involved in further education or training in four weeks prior to the survey

Change in participation in education (students aged 15-24, all ISCED levels), by gender, 2000-2010 (p.p.)

Change in participation in education of students aged 15-24, both sexes, all ISCED levels, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Students participating in education as a proportion of all people aged 15-24

Students participating in education as a proportion of all people aged 15-24

Change in participation in education of students aged 15-24, both sexes, all ISCED levels, 2009-2010 (p.p.) Students participating in education as a proportion of all people aged 15-24

Change in participation in education of female students aged 15-24, all ISCED levels, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change in the female participation in education as a proportion of all females aged 15-24

Change in the female participation in education as a proportion of all females aged 15-24

Change in participation in education of female students aged 15-24, all ISCED levels, 2009-2010 (p.p.) Change in the female participation in education as a proportion of all females aged 15-24

Change in participation in education of male students aged 15-24, all ISCED levels, 2000-2008 (p.p.) Change in the male participation in education as a proportion of all males aged 15-24

Change in the male participation in education as a proportion of all males aged 15-24

Change in participation in education of male students aged 15-24, all ISCED levels, 2009-2010 (p.p.) Change in the male participation in education as a proportion of all males aged 15-24

Change in the number of non-nationals in the population, by age group, 2006-2011 (%)

Change in the number of non-nationals in the population (all ages), 2006-2011 (%) Non-nationals are defined as citizens of all countries except the country under question

Non-nationals are defined as citizens of all countries except the country under question

Change in the number of non-nationals in the population (age 20-24), 2009-2011 (%) Non-nationals are defined as citizens of all countries except the country under question

Change in the number of non-nationals in the population (age 25-54), 2009-2011 (%) Non-nationals are defined as citizens of all countries except the country under question

Change in the number of non-nationals in the population (age 55-64), 2009-2011 (%) Non-nationals are defined as citizens of all countries except the country under question

Change in emigration rates, by education level, 2000-2006 (p.p.)

Change in emigration rate, all education levels, 2000-2006 (p.p.) Emigration rate is the proportion of population who left the country in the overall population of the country

Emigration rate is the proportion of population who left the country in the overall population of the country

Change in emigration rate, highly skilled, 2000-2006 (p.p.) Emigration rate is the proportion of population who left the country in the overall population of the country; highly skilled are defined as people with high level qualifications

Emigration rate is the proportion of population who left the country in the overall population of the country; highly skilled are defined as people with high level qualifications

Change in pupils learning two or more foreign languages, ISCED level 2, 2005-2010 (p.p.) Change between 2005 and 2010 in pupils learning two or more foreign languages as a proportion of all pupils at ISCED level 2 (the lower secondary or second stage of basic education). Foreign language learning is defined as enrolments in the studies of foreign languages generally at the beginning of school year. Data is reported to Eurostat by national statistical institutions.

Change between 2005 and 2010 in pupils learning two or more foreign languages as a proportion of all pupils at ISCED level 2 (the lower secondary or second stage of basic education). Foreign language learning is defined as enrolments in the studies of foreign languages generally at the beginning of school year. Data is reported to Eurostat by national statistical institutions.

Change in active workforce, by education level, 2009-2011 (%)

Change in active workforce, education levels 0-2, 2009-2011, (%) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels 0-2 (primary and first stage of secondary education)

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels 0-2 (primary and first stage of secondary education)

Change in active workforce, education levels 3-4, 2009-2011 (%) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education Level 3 - (Upper) secondary education and Level 4 - Post-secondary non-tertiary education

Change in active workforce, education levels 5-6, 2009-2011 (%) Change betweeen 2009 and 2011 in the size of the economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change betweeen 2009 and 2011 in the size of the economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed person with education levels are ISCED Level 5 first stage of tertiary education and Level 6 second stage of tertiary education

Change in active labour force aged over 50, 2009-2011 (%) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the number of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons aged over 50

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the number of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons aged over 50

Change in old age dependency ratio, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Ratio of the persons aged 65 and more (or 60+) over the number of persons of working age (15-64 or 20-59)

Change in early leavers from education and training, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change in population aged 18-24 having attained at most lower secondary education and not being involved in further education or training in four weeks prior to the survey

Change in the level of computer skills, 16-74 olds, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in individuals with low level computer skills, 16-74 olds, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who reported having low level computer skills (who have copied or moved a file or folder)

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who reported having low level computer skills (who have copied or moved a file or folder)

Change in individuals with medium level computer skills, 16-74 olds, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who have reported having medium level computer skills (having used basic arithmetic formulae to add, subtract, multiply or divide figures in a spreadsheet)

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who have reported having medium level computer skills (having used basic arithmetic formulae to add, subtract, multiply or divide figures in a spreadsheet)

Change in individuals with high level computer skills, 16-74 olds, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who have reported having high-level computer skills (defined as skills of individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language)

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who have reported having high-level computer skills (defined as skills of individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language)

Change in the level of Internet skills, 16-74 olds, 2007-2011 (p.p.)

Change in individuals with low level internet skills, 16-74 olds, 2007-2011 (p.p.)

Change in individuals with medium level internet skills, 16-74 olds, 2007-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2010 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who reported having medium level internet skills (defined as skills of using the Internet to make phone calls)

Change between 2010 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who reported having medium level internet skills (defined as skills of using the Internet to make phone calls)

Change in individuals with high level internet skills, 16-74 olds, 2007-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2010 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who reported having high level internet skills (defined as skills of creating a web page)

Change between 2010 and 2011 in the proportion of individuals who reported having high level internet skills (defined as skills of creating a web page)

Change in high level computer skills, by level of education, 2009-2011 (p.p.)

Change in people with high computer skills with low formal education, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the propprtion of people with high computer skills (Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language) who had low formal education levels (ISCED levels 0-2)

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the propprtion of people with high computer skills (Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language) who had low formal education levels (ISCED levels 0-2)

Change in people with high computer skills with medium formal education, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the propprtion of people with high computer skills (Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language) who had medium formal education levels (ISCED levels 3-4)

Change in people with high computer skills with high formal education, 2009-2011 (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the propprtion of people with high computer skills (Individuals who have written a computer program using a specialised programming language) who had high formal education levels (ISCED levels 5-6)

Active workforce, by education level, 2011

Active workforce, education levels 0-2, 2011 (000s) The size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons in 2011 with education levels 0-2 (primary and first stage of secondary education)

The size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons in 2011 with education levels 0-2 (primary and first stage of secondary education)

Active workforce, education levels 3-4, 2011 (000s) The size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons in 2011 with education levels 3-4 (secondat and post-secondary non-tertiary education)

The size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons in 2011 with education levels 3-4 (secondat and post-secondary non-tertiary education)

Active workforce, education levels 5-6, 2011 (000s) Size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons in 2011, with education levels 5-6 (first and second stages of tertiary education

Size of economically active population (labour force) comprised of employed and unemployed persons in 2011, with education levels 5-6 (first and second stages of tertiary education

Tertiary education graduates, by study area, 2010 (%)

Graduates in 'Education and training' (2010) (%) Graduates in the study area 'education and training' as a proportion of all graduates in 2010

Graduates in 'Humanities and arts' (2010) (%)

Graduates in 'Social sciences, business and law' (2010) (%) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Graduates in 'Science, mathematics and computing' (2010) (%) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Graduates in 'Engineering, manufacturing and construction' (2010) (%) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Graduates in 'Agriculture and veterinary' (2010) (%) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Graduates in 'Health and welfare' (2010) (%) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Graduates in 'Service' (2010) (%) Change in the graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates

Female tertiary education graduates, 2010 (%)

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Education and training' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Humanities and arts' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Social sciences, business and law' (2010) (% of all graduates)

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Science, mathematics and computing' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Engineering, manufacturing and construction' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Agriculture and veterinary' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Health and welfare' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Female tertiary education graduates in 'Service' (2010) (% of all graduates) Female graduates in the study area specified as a proportion of all graduates in the study area specified

Young adults who have completed upper secondary education (2010) (%)

Adults participating in education and training, by gender, 25-64 age group, 2010 (%)

All adults participating in education and training, 25-64 age group, 2010 (%)

Females participating in education and training, 25-64 age group, 2010 (%)

Males participating in education and training, 25-64 age group, 2010 (%)

Active labour force aged over 50, 2011 (000s)

Early leavers from education and training, 2011 (%) Population aged 18-24 having attained at most lower secondary education and not being involved in further education or training in four weeks prior to the survey

Population aged 18-24 having attained at most lower secondary education and not being involved in further education or training in four weeks prior to the survey

Employers offering training (2009) (%) Proportion of companies who gave time off for training to their employees in the overall number of employers surveyed

Proportion of companies who gave time off for training to their employees in the overall number of employers surveyed

Low achieving young people (15 year olds) in reading, by gender, 2009 (%)

Low achieving young people (15 year olds) in reading, both genders, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of students surveyed

Proportion of low achieving (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of students surveyed

Low achieving young females (15 year olds) in reading, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving girls (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of girls surveyed

Proportion of low achieving girls (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of girls surveyed

Low achieving young males (15 year olds) in reading, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving boys (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of boys surveyed

Proportion of low achieving boys (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of boys surveyed

Low achieving young people (15 year olds) in maths, by gender, 2009 (%)

Low achieving young people (15 year olds) in maths, both genders, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of students surveyed

Low achieving young females (15 year olds) in maths, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving girls (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of girls surveyed

Low achieving young males (15 year olds) in maths, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of students surveyed

Low achieving young people (15 year olds) in science, by gender, 2009 (%)

Low achieving young people (15 year olds) in science, both genders, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of students surveyed

Low achieving young females (15 year olds) in science, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving girls (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of girls surveyed

Low achieving young males (15 year olds) in science, 2009 (%) Proportion of low achieving boys (scoring below Level 2, able to carry out only the least complex tasks) in the overall number of boys surveyed

Anticipated change in active workforce, by gender, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in active workforce, 2010-2020, both male and female (%)

Anticipated change in female active workforce, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in male active workforce, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in active workforce, by level of qualification, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in active workforce with low qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in active workforce with medium qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in active workforce with high qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in active workforce, by gender and level of qualification, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in female active workforce with low qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in female active workforce with medium qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in female active workforce with high qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in male active workforce with low qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in male active workforce with medium qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Anticipated change in male active workforce with high qualifications, 2010-2020 (%)

Projected change in working age population, 15-64, (2010-2030) (%) Projected working age (15-64 population)

Projected change in the old age dependency ratio (2010-2060) (p.p.) Old age dependency ration is the ratio of the persons aged 65 and more (or 60+) over the number of persons of working age (15-64 or 20-59)

Old age dependency ration is the ratio of the persons aged 65 and more (or 60+) over the number of persons of working age (15-64 or 20-59)

Skills Imbalances

Change in the overall unemployment rate, 20-64 age group, (2009-2011) (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change in the long-term unemployment rate, 20-64 age group, (2009-2011) (p.p.) The proportion of long-term unemployed (12 months and more) in all unemployed

Change in the unemployment rate, by gender, 20-64 age group, (2009-2011), (p.p.)

Change in female unemployment rate, 20-64 age group, (2009-2011), (p.p.)

Change in male unemployment rate, 20-64 age group, (2009-2011), (p.p.)

Change in the unemployment rate (2009-2011), by age group (p.p.)

Change in the unemployment rate, age group 15-24 (2009-2011) (p.p.)

Change in the unemployment rate, age group 25-54 (2009-2011) (p.p.)

Change in the unemployment rate, age group 55-64 (2009-2011) (p.p.)

Change in the unemployment rate (2009-2011), by education level (p.p.)

Change in the unemployment rate, education levels 0-2 (2009-2011) (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons with education level 0-2 (primary and basic education) in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons with education level 0-2 (primary and basic education) in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change in the unemployment rate, education levels 3-4 (2009-2011) (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons with education level 3-4 (secondary education) in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons with education level 3-4 (secondary education) in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change in the unemployment rate, education levels 5-6 (2009-2011) (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons with education level 5-6(first and second stages of tertiary education) in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change between 2009 and 2011 in the proportion of unemployed persons with education level 5-6(first and second stages of tertiary education) in the overall 20-64 age group active population

Change in employers experiencing difficulties in recruitment (2009-2012), (p.p.) Change between 2009 and 2012 in the proportion of employers who reported having recruitment difficulties in the global employer surveys. EU average refers to 18 countries which participated in the surveys

Change between 2009 and 2012 in the proportion of employers who reported having recruitment difficulties in the global employer surveys. EU average refers to 18 countries which participated in the surveys

Duration between leaving formal education and starting first job, 20-34 year olds, 2009 (months)

Duration between leaving formal education and starting first job, 20-34 year olds who left formal education within the last 3 years, in months

Employed individuals with skills not matched to the requirements of their job, 2010 (%) The proportion of all indviduals surveyed in the European Working Conditions Survey in 2010 who reported needing further training to cope with their duties in the job.

The proportion of all indviduals surveyed in the European Working Conditions Survey in 2010 who reported needing further training to cope with their duties in the job.

Proportion of graduates who are unemployed, 2009 (%) Proportion of graduates who reported being unemployed when surveyed in 2009, after having finished their study programme in 2002/2003. EU average refers to 16 Member States participating in the survey

Proportion of graduates who reported being unemployed when surveyed in 2009, after having finished their study programme in 2002/2003. EU average refers to 16 Member States participating in the survey

Skills Mismatch Index, 2010